Blockchain-Integrated Smart Fisheries Supply Chain Framework for Traceability, Quality Assurance, and Blue Economy Sustainability

Abstract

Within the blue economy, the fisheries and aquaculture industry encounters a major problem of supply chain transparency, the provenance of seafood, quality assurance of their products, illegal fishing, and sustainability management. Conventional fisheries supply chains are extremely susceptible to data manipulation, ineffective monitoring, traceability, and insufficient coordination of stakeholders, diminishing consumer confidence and work efficiency. To overcome these issues, this study suggests a Traceability, Quality Assurance, and Blue Economy Sustainability Framework of Blockchain-Integrated Smart Fisheries Supply Chain. The suggested framework combines blockchain technology, the Internet of Things (IoT)-based smart monitoring, and intelligent data analytics to create a safe, transparent, and sustainable fisheries management framework. A blockchain network of Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT)-based blockchain with smart contracts is used to guarantee an unchangeable registration of the transactions, secure sharing of data, and decentralized tracking of stakeholders in the fisheries sector, such as fishermen, distributors, retailers, and regulatory bodies. IoT sensors are continuously used to measure parameters like water quality, temperatures, humidity, dissolved oxygen, and storage conditions on the environment and transportation in real-time to assist in real-time monitoring of fisheries and the quality of monitoring. Moreover, a machine learning model based on the use of the Random Forest algorithm is used to classify fish by freshness and predict their spoilage based on sensor measurements of various parameters. The effectiveness of the proposed framework is measured by blockchain metrics such as transaction throughput, latency, block confirmation time, smart contract execution time, storage overhead and traceability success rate and machine learning metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. It is proven by experimental analysis that the given framework contributes greatly to enhancing fisheries traceability, increasing monitoring of the product quality, decreasing supply chain fraud, as well as sustaining blue economy operations with the help of transparent and secure digital infrastructure. The suggested system will offer a scalable and smart system to next-generation smart fisheries and sustainable aquaculture ecosystems.